Stanislao Cannizzaro
Stanislao Cannizzaro was born in Palermo, on July 13, 1826, he was an Italian chemist who solved the problem of the confusion between molecular and atomic masses that arose in connection with the hypotheses of Amedeo Avogadro.
During the Sicilian Revolution of 1848, Cannizzaro served as an artillery officer in Messina and was also elected deputy for Francavilla in the Parliament of Sicily.
After the fall of Messina, in September 1848, he remained in Taormina.
Taking advantage of the insurgents' collapse, Cannizzaro escaped to Marseille in May 1849, and, after visiting several French cities, reached Paris in October.
There he was able to enter the laboratory of Michel Eugène Chevreul, and in conjunction with F.S. Cloez (1817-1883) made his first contribution to chemical research in 1851, when they prepared cyanamide by the action of ammonia on cyanogen chloride in ether solution.
In the same year, Cannizzaro accepted a position at the National College of Alessandria, as a professor of chemistry and physics. In Alessandria, he discovered that aromatic aldehydes are broken down by an alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide in a mixture of the corresponding acid and alcohol.
For example, benzaldehyde breaks down into benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol, in the so-called Cannizzaro reaction.
The Cannizzaro reaction, named after its inventor Stanislao Cannizzaro, is a chemical reaction that consists of the dismutation of an aldehyde without hydrogen into alpha (non-enolizable) catalyzed by a base.This transformation was carried out by Cannizzaro in 1853, when by treating benzaldehyde with potassium hydroxide, he obtained benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid
In 1855 he accepted a chair at the University of Pisa of organic and inorganic chemistry in Palermo, after being a chemistry teacher at the University of Genoa, there he spent ten years studying aromatic compounds and continued working on amines, until 1871, when he was appointed to the chair of chemistry at the University of Rome.
In 1871, Cannizzaro's scientific prestige ensured his entry into the Italian Senate, of which he was Vice President, and as a member of the Council of Public Instruction, rendering important services to the cause of scientific education in Italy.
He is primarily known for his contribution to the then-existing debate regarding atoms, molecules, and atomic weights. He defended Amedeo Avogadro's notion that equal volumes of gas at the same pressure and temperature contain the same number of molecules or atoms, and the notion that equal volumes of gas could be used to calculate atomic weights. In this way, Cannizzaro provided a new understanding of chemistry.
He was recognized with:
Copley Medal in 1891. (Prize awarded by the Royal Society of London in recognition of scientific work)
And the lunar F that bears this name in his honor (Cannizzaro is an impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon)
Cannizzaro, also launched his books, Compendi d'un curs de philosophia Química, Sketch of a Course of Chemical Philosophy in 1910, among others ...
I really believe that Cannizzaro was a great contribution to science itself, I am not an expert, a physicist or a scientist, but the fact that they have dedicated a LUNAR CRATER to him says a lot, too much I would say
During the Sicilian Revolution of 1848, Cannizzaro served as an artillery officer in Messina and was also elected deputy for Francavilla in the Parliament of Sicily.
After the fall of Messina, in September 1848, he remained in Taormina.
Taking advantage of the insurgents' collapse, Cannizzaro escaped to Marseille in May 1849, and, after visiting several French cities, reached Paris in October.
There he was able to enter the laboratory of Michel Eugène Chevreul, and in conjunction with F.S. Cloez (1817-1883) made his first contribution to chemical research in 1851, when they prepared cyanamide by the action of ammonia on cyanogen chloride in ether solution.
In the same year, Cannizzaro accepted a position at the National College of Alessandria, as a professor of chemistry and physics. In Alessandria, he discovered that aromatic aldehydes are broken down by an alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide in a mixture of the corresponding acid and alcohol.
For example, benzaldehyde breaks down into benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol, in the so-called Cannizzaro reaction.
The Cannizzaro reaction, named after its inventor Stanislao Cannizzaro, is a chemical reaction that consists of the dismutation of an aldehyde without hydrogen into alpha (non-enolizable) catalyzed by a base.This transformation was carried out by Cannizzaro in 1853, when by treating benzaldehyde with potassium hydroxide, he obtained benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid
In 1855 he accepted a chair at the University of Pisa of organic and inorganic chemistry in Palermo, after being a chemistry teacher at the University of Genoa, there he spent ten years studying aromatic compounds and continued working on amines, until 1871, when he was appointed to the chair of chemistry at the University of Rome.
In 1871, Cannizzaro's scientific prestige ensured his entry into the Italian Senate, of which he was Vice President, and as a member of the Council of Public Instruction, rendering important services to the cause of scientific education in Italy.
He is primarily known for his contribution to the then-existing debate regarding atoms, molecules, and atomic weights. He defended Amedeo Avogadro's notion that equal volumes of gas at the same pressure and temperature contain the same number of molecules or atoms, and the notion that equal volumes of gas could be used to calculate atomic weights. In this way, Cannizzaro provided a new understanding of chemistry.
He was recognized with:
Copley Medal in 1891. (Prize awarded by the Royal Society of London in recognition of scientific work)
And the lunar F that bears this name in his honor (Cannizzaro is an impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon)
Cannizzaro, also launched his books, Compendi d'un curs de philosophia Química, Sketch of a Course of Chemical Philosophy in 1910, among others ...
I really believe that Cannizzaro was a great contribution to science itself, I am not an expert, a physicist or a scientist, but the fact that they have dedicated a LUNAR CRATER to him says a lot, too much I would say
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